Varnish is a reverse caching proxy.

Nginx is a web server that can also be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy and HTTP cache.

Cloudflare is a web-infrastructure and website-security company, providing content-delivery-network services, DDoS mitigation, Internet security, and distributed domain-name-server services.

ThinkPHP is an open-source PHP framework with MVC structure developed and maintained by Shanghai Topthink Company.

cdnjs is a free distributed JS library delivery service.

Vue.js is an open-source model–view–viewmodel JavaScript framework for building user interfaces and single-page applications.

jQuery is a JavaScript library which is a free, open-source software designed to simplify HTML DOM tree traversal and manipulation, as well as event handling, CSS animation, and Ajax.

Bootstrap is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web development. It contains CSS and JavaScript-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components.

PHP is a general-purpose scripting language used for web development.

jQuery CDN is a way to include jQuery in your website without actually downloading and keeping it your website's folder.

Amazon S3 or Amazon Simple Storage Service is a service offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that provides object storage through a web service interface.

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive cloud services platform offering compute power, database storage, content delivery and other functionality.

OpenResty is a web platform based on nginx which can run Lua scripts using its LuaJIT engine.

WebSocket is a communication protocol that provides full-duplex communication channels over a single, long-lived connection, enabling interactive communication between web browsers and servers.

Amazon CloudFront is a fast content delivery network (CDN) service that securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to customers globally with low latency, high transfer speeds.