Ubuntu is a free and open-source operating system on Linux for the enterprise server, desktop, cloud, and IoT.

Apache is a free and open-source cross-platform web server software.

jQuery is a JavaScript library which is a free, open-source software designed to simplify HTML DOM tree traversal and manipulation, as well as event handling, CSS animation, and Ajax.

Bootstrap is a free and open-source CSS framework directed at responsive, mobile-first front-end web development. It contains CSS and JavaScript-based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components.

Popper is a positioning engine, its purpose is to calculate the position of an element to make it possible to position it near a given reference element.

Cloudflare is a web-infrastructure and website-security company, providing content-delivery-network services, DDoS mitigation, Internet security, and distributed domain-name-server services.