Nginx is a web server that can also be used as a reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy and HTTP cache.

Ubuntu is a free and open-source operating system on Linux for the enterprise server, desktop, cloud, and IoT.

Java is a class-based, object-oriented programming language that is designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

Amazon CloudFront is a fast content delivery network (CDN) service that securely delivers data, videos, applications, and APIs to customers globally with low latency, high transfer speeds.

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive cloud services platform offering compute power, database storage, content delivery and other functionality.

Alibaba Cloud Object Storage Service (OSS) is a cloud-based object storage service provided by Alibaba Cloud, which allows users to store and access large amounts of data in the cloud.

Apache Traffic Server is an open-source caching and proxying server that serves as an HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/2 reverse proxy with caching capabilities, load balancing, request routing, SSL termination, and support for advanced HTTP features.

Amazon S3 or Amazon Simple Storage Service is a service offered by Amazon Web Services (AWS) that provides object storage through a web service interface.

Varnish is a reverse caching proxy.

Cloudflare is a web-infrastructure and website-security company, providing content-delivery-network services, DDoS mitigation, Internet security, and distributed domain-name-server services.

Cloudflare bot management solution identifies and mitigates automated traffic to protect websites from bad bots.